Evolution
Artificial intelligence, which originated from Alan Turing’s 1950 question of whether machines can think, seeks to replicate human intelligence in computational systems. Although its definition varies, it focuses on agents that receive perceptions and take actions to achieve goals. Approaches such as human and rational thought, as well as human and rational action, have shaped the field. Patrick Winston describes it as algorithms triggered by constraints and exposed by representations that link thought, perception and action. Others see it as machines that respond to stimuli like humans, with the capacity for contemplation, judgment and intention. These definitions establish artificial intelligence as a computer science discipline, with applications such as Machine Learning and Deep Learning. Artificial intelligence is divided into two main categories: specialized AI, which focuses on specific tasks such as image recognition or virtual assistants, and general AI, which does not y...